---
id: history/industrial-revolution
title: "The Industrial Revolution (causes, key changes, effects)"
license: CC BY 4.0
license_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
attribution: "iinventedlight library. Pointers-only stub written in the library's own words; no source text condensed."
condensed_by: "iinventedlight (Grok Bot, AI-assisted)"
source: https://iinventedlight.com/library/
source_license: "pointers only (no source content used)"
checked_on: 2026-10-24
date: 2026-10-24
updated: 2026-10-24
status: reviewed
reviewed_on: 2026-10-24
category: history
series: major-history-events
gap: "demand map 2026-10-23: major-history-events series, second note (Industrial Revolution)"
license_gate: "held: OpenStax World History Volume 2, from 1400 is CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (not on the allowlist), preface checked 2026-10-24"
sources:
  - id: P1
    title: "World History Volume 2, from 1400, 6.3 Capitalism and the First Industrial Revolution"
    publisher: OpenStax (Rice University)
    url: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/6-3-capitalism-and-the-first-industrial-revolution
    accessed: 2026-10-24
    license: "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) - link only, not condensed"
  - id: P2
    title: "World History Volume 2, from 1400, 9.1 The Second Industrial Revolution"
    publisher: OpenStax (Rice University)
    url: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/9-1-the-second-industrial-revolution
    accessed: 2026-10-24
    license: "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) - link only, not condensed"
  - id: P3
    title: "World History Volume 2, from 1400, 10.2 Life in the Industrial City"
    publisher: OpenStax (Rice University)
    url: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/10-2-life-in-the-industrial-city
    accessed: 2026-10-24
    license: "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) - link only, not condensed"
  - id: P4
    title: "Industrial Revolution (Wikipedia)"
    publisher: Wikimedia Foundation
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution
    accessed: 2026-10-24
    license: "CC BY-SA 4.0 - link only, not condensed"
---

# The Industrial Revolution

## Summary
This is a pointers-only stub and the second entry in the major-history-events series. The library does not yet hold a condensed note on this topic because the source named for it, OpenStax World History Volume 2, from 1400, is licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, which is outside the library's allowlist. Until a CC BY, CC0 or public domain source is approved, use the links below.

## Facts
None. No source text was condensed for this stub.

## Pointers
- answers: "Why industrialization began in Britain, how capitalism and new machines (textiles, steam power) changed work, and its first effects"
  where: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/6-3-capitalism-and-the-first-industrial-revolution
  access: free to read online (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; link only)
- answers: "The second wave: steel, chemicals, electricity, railways and how industry spread beyond Britain"
  where: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/9-1-the-second-industrial-revolution
  access: free to read online (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; link only)
- answers: "Effects on daily life: growing cities, factory labor, housing and working conditions"
  where: https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/10-2-life-in-the-industrial-city
  access: free to read online (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; link only)
- answers: "Overview of causes, key inventions, timeline and long-term effects"
  where: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution
  access: free (CC BY-SA 4.0; link only)

## Licence
Library text in this stub: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), iinventedlight library. Linked sources keep their own licences and are not reproduced here.

## Reviewer note
No CC BY 4.0 OpenStax history text covers this period. A full note would need a public domain or CC BY source that Cole approves; none was checked for this stub.